Energy, Solar & Utilities (Electricity · Water · Gas)

*Electricity and water connections in Mallorca — including the decisive finca/rústico specifics: no connection without a cédula, solar subsidies and the island's water scarcity.*

Legend: ✅ official/multiply documented · 🟡 municipality-/provider-dependent · 🔴 uncertain. Amounts are reference values (municipality-/tariff-dependent).

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Electricity (Electricidad)#

• Grid (distribuidora) vs. supply (comercializadora): grid/meter/connection → e-distribución

(Endesa group); tariff → a comercializadora. GESA is the historic Balearic company (today part of Endesa) — it still appears in old contracts. 🟡

• Cambio de titular (change of account holder): with Endesa free of charge, ~15–20 working days. Alta

(new connection) requires a valid boletín eléctrico/CIE (~70–300 €, valid for 20 years).

• Potencia contratada (kW): determines the fixed costs; changeable at most 1×/year (except with a

cambio de titular).

• PVPC vs. mercado libre: PVPC = regulated tariff (≤ 10 kW); since **1.10.2025 with

15-minute pricing**. In 2025 PVPC was mostly cheaper than the free market. ✅

No connection without a cédula (cut-off date 1.3.1987) ✅#

For buildings erected after 1.3.1987 without a permit and classed as fuera de ordenación, utilities may not provide a definitive connection without a valid cédula de habitabilidad (electricity/water/gas/telecoms). → On fincas without a cédula, a legal electricity connection is effectively blocked — a central check before buying (→ Ch. 09).

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Photovoltaics / Autoconsumo#

• Legal framework RD 244/2019: self-consumption with/without surplus; compensación simplificada

for installations ≤ 100 kW (surplus is offset in money against grid consumption, no payout). Installations up to 15 kW without an access/connection permit. ✅

• On rústico: PV for self-consumption on a legal finca counts as uso admitido

(Art. 48 Ley 10/2019) — no DIG required; usually comunicación previa + registration with the CAIB energy authority (a prerequisite for compensation/subsidy). ✅

• Subsidies (combinable) 🟡: IRPF deduction 20/40/60 %; IBI rebate (Palma 50 %/6 yrs.,

other municipalities up to 100 %); ICIO (Palma up to 95 %); Balearic subvenciones (Govern/IDI) also for batteries and aerothermal/heat pumps. Amount depends on the municipality → check the Ordenanza.

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Water (Agua)#

• Supply is a municipal responsibility (Palma: EMAYA); cambio de titular usually free of charge,

~3–4 working days. Price ~2.52 €/m³ + fixed charge 🟡.

• Water scarcity: Mallorca has structural scarcity, with restrictions in dry years. Many

isolated fincas are not connected to the grid → self-supply via an aljibe/cisterna (cistern) + tanker (cuba/camión de agua). Water logistics is a real cost factor. ✅

• Well (pozo/sondeo): a permit from the CAIB (Recursos Hídrics) is required — **autorización

up to 7,000 m³/year (max. 1 l/s), above that concesión; meter mandatory** (RD 49/2023, Plan Hidrológico). Illegal wells are subject to penalties. ✅

• Wastewater: Without a sewer connection, an own system is mandatory (fosa séptica/depuradora); **no

cédula/first occupancy without an approved system**; illegal vertidos 600 €–600,000 €. ✅

• Canon de saneamiento (Ley 9/1991): Balearic wastewater levy (fixed + consumption), collected via the

water bill and remitted to the ATIB. 🔴 Check the exact 2025 tariffs at the BOIB/ATIB.

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Gas#

Mallorca has no comprehensive natural-gas network. Common are butano/propano (bottle/tank, mainly Repsol/Cepsa) — plan for storage/delivery logistics; increasingly replaced by aerothermal + PV.

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Energy certificate (CEE)#

RD 390/2021: mandatory for sale/letting (scale A–G; valid 10 years, only 5 for G). Since August 2025 also required for the mortgage tasación ✅. The EU EPBD Directive 2024/1275 introduces minimum standards from 2030/2033 🟡. (→ Ch. 02)

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❓ FAQ#

Will I get electricity and water at every finca? No. For buildings erected after 1.3.1987 without a permit (fuera de ordenación), utilities may not provide a definitive connection without a valid cédula.

Do I need a DIG for solar on the finca? No — PV for self-consumption on a legal finca is uso admitido (Art. 48 Ley 10/2019); usually a comunicación previa + CAIB registration suffices.

May I simply drill a well? No — an autorización (up to 7,000 m³/year) or concesión from the CAIB is required, with a mandatory meter.

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Sources (selection)#

• RD 244/2019 (autoconsumo) · Ley 10/2019 Art. 48 (rústico) · RD 49/2023 (Plan Hidrológico) ·

Ley 9/1991 (canon saneamiento) · RD 390/2021 (CEE) · EMAYA/ATIB/CAIB Recursos Hídrics